{"version":"1.0","provider_name":"Fortune Insight","provider_url":"https:\/\/prime.fortuneinsight.com\/web","author_name":"\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u5ee3\u5834","author_url":"https:\/\/prime.fortuneinsight.com\/web\/posts\/author\/carnegie","title":"\u7f8e\u570b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ef6\u4f38\u591a\u9060\uff1f\u4f55\u8b02\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u548c\u6b21\u7d1a\u5236\u88c1 - Fortune Insight","type":"rich","width":600,"height":338,"html":"<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\"><a href=\"https:\/\/prime.fortuneinsight.com\/web\/posts\/490461\">\u7f8e\u570b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ef6\u4f38\u591a\u9060\uff1f\u4f55\u8b02\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u548c\u6b21\u7d1a\u5236\u88c1<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>\n<!--\/\/--><![CDATA[\/\/><!--\n\t\t!function(c,d){\"use strict\";var e=!1,n=!1;if(d.querySelector)if(c.addEventListener)e=!0;if(c.wp=c.wp||{},!c.wp.receiveEmbedMessage)if(c.wp.receiveEmbedMessage=function(e){var t=e.data;if(t)if(t.secret||t.message||t.value)if(!\/[^a-zA-Z0-9]\/.test(t.secret)){for(var r,a,i,s=d.querySelectorAll('iframe[data-secret=\"'+t.secret+'\"]'),n=d.querySelectorAll('blockquote[data-secret=\"'+t.secret+'\"]'),o=0;o<n.length;o++)n[o].style.display=\"none\";for(o=0;o<s.length;o++)if(r=s[o],e.source===r.contentWindow){if(r.removeAttribute(\"style\"),\"height\"===t.message){if(1e3<(i=parseInt(t.value,10)))i=1e3;else if(~~i<200)i=200;r.height=i}if(\"link\"===t.message)if(a=d.createElement(\"a\"),i=d.createElement(\"a\"),a.href=r.getAttribute(\"src\"),i.href=t.value,i.host===a.host)if(d.activeElement===r)c.top.location.href=t.value}}},e)c.addEventListener(\"message\",c.wp.receiveEmbedMessage,!1),d.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",t,!1),c.addEventListener(\"load\",t,!1);function t(){if(!n){n=!0;for(var e,t,r=-1!==navigator.appVersion.indexOf(\"MSIE 10\"),a=!!navigator.userAgent.match(\/Trident.*rv:11\\.\/),i=d.querySelectorAll(\"iframe.wp-embedded-content\"),s=0;s<i.length;s++){if(!(e=i[s]).getAttribute(\"data-secret\"))t=Math.random().toString(36).substr(2,10),e.src+=\"#?secret=\"+t,e.setAttribute(\"data-secret\",t);if(r||a)(t=e.cloneNode(!0)).removeAttribute(\"security\"),e.parentNode.replaceChild(t,e)}}}}(window,document);\n\/\/--><!]]>\n<\/script><iframe sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" src=\"https:\/\/prime.fortuneinsight.com\/web\/posts\/490461\/embed\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" title=\"&#8220;\u7f8e\u570b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ef6\u4f38\u591a\u9060\uff1f\u4f55\u8b02\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u548c\u6b21\u7d1a\u5236\u88c1&#8221; &#8212; Fortune Insight\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\"><\/iframe>","thumbnail_url":"https:\/\/prime.fortuneinsight.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/trump-eo-13818.jpg","thumbnail_width":980,"thumbnail_height":551,"description":"\uff08\u672c\u6587\u7ae0\u4e26\u975e\u5c08\u696d\u6cd5\u5f8b\u610f\u898b\uff09 &nbsp; 2020\u5e748\u67087\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u8ca1\u653f\u90e8\u5ba3\u4f48\u6839\u64da\u300a\u9999\u6e2f\u81ea\u6cbb\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u5236\u88c111\u540d\u4fb5\u72af\u4eba\u6b0a\u53ca\u640d\u5bb3\u9999\u6e2f\u81ea\u6cbb\u7684\u4e2d\u6e2f\u5b98\u54e1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6797\u912d\u6708\u5a25\u3001\u912d\u82e5\u9a4a\u3001\u674e\u5bb6\u8d85\u3001\u9127\u70b3\u5f37\u3001\u76e7\u5049\u8070\u3001\u66fe\u570b\u885e\u3001\u9673\u570b\u57fa\u7b49\u4eba\u58eb\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5df2\u7d93\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\uff0c\u548c\u6ce2\u7f85\u7684\u6d77\u570b\u5bb6\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6b50\u76df\u548c\u6fb3\u6d32\u64da\u5831\u4ea6\u6709\u610f\u53c3\u8003\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff08Magnitsky Act\uff09\uff0c\u63a8\u51fa\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4ee5\u5236\u88c1\u4fb5\u72af\u4eba\u6b0a\u548c\u6d89\u53ca\u56b4\u91cd\u8caa\u6c61\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u6216\u4f01\u696d\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6703\u7c21\u4ecb\u4f55\u7232\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u548c\u6709\u95dc\u6cd5\u6848\u5728\u570b\u5167\u6cd5\u4ee5\u81f3\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002 &nbsp; \u4f55\u8b02\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff1f &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u6700\u65e9\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u65bc2015\u5e74\u901a\u904e\u7684\u300a\u5168\u7403\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u4eba\u6b0a\u554f\u8cac\u6cd5\u300b\uff08The Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u6cd5\u6848\u547d\u540d\u4f86\u81ea\u7d00\u5ff5\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u7a05\u52d9\u6703\u8a08\u820d\u723e\u84cb\u00b7\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u63ed\u767c\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u653f\u5e9c\u8150\u6557\uff0c\u65bc2008\u5e7411\u6708\u88ab\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u57f7\u6cd5\u6a5f\u95dc\u62d8\u6355\uff0c\u5728\u95dc\u62bc\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u56e0\u4e0d\u4eba\u9053\u5c0d\u5f85\u800c\u75c5\u6b7b\u7344\u4e2d\u3002\u6b64\u5f8c\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u9032\u884c\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u8abf\u67e5\u4e26\u672a\u6709\u5c0d\u6d89\u53ca\u8caa\u8150\u53ca\u8207\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u7684\u6b7b\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u9ad8\u7d1a\u5b98\u54e1\u7a76\u8cac\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u53c3\u8b70\u9662\u6234\u592b\u00b7\u574e\u666e\u65bc2012\u5e747\u670819\u65e5\u5728\u773e\u8b70\u9662\u63d0\u51fa\u5236\u88c1\u9055\u53cd\u4eba\u6b0a\u548c\u6d89\u53ca\u8150\u6557\u7684\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5b98\u54e1\uff0c\u6b64\u6cd5\u6848\u88ab\u51a0\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6cbb\u554f\u8cac\u6cd5\u300b\uff08H.R.6156\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc2012\u5e7412\u670814\u65e5\u7531\u7e3d\u7d71\u5967\u5df4\u99ac\u7c3d\u7f72\u751f\u6548\u3002\u57282016\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u5168\u7403\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u4eba\u6b0a\u554f\u8cac\u6cd5\u300b\u88ab\u6574\u5408\u5230\u57282017\u5e74\u5ea6\u300a\u570b\u9632\u6388\u6b0a\u6cd5\uff08S.2943\uff09\u300b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5236\u88c1\u7bc4\u570d\u7531\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u64f4\u5c55\u5230\u5168\u7403\u3002 &nbsp; 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\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff1a\u7531\u570b\u5185\u6cd5\u6210\u7232\u5be6\u7136\u7684\u570b\u969b\u6cd5 &nbsp; &nbsp; \u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u5404\u570b\u6240\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u7686\u7232\u5176\u570b\u5185\u6cd5\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u88ab\u5236\u88c1\u4eba\u7b49\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u70ba\u8a72\u570b\u7684\u570b\u6c11\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u5236\u88c1\u4eba\u7b49\u4fb5\u72af\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u884c\u7232\u4ea6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5f71\u97ff\u8a72\u570b\u570b\u6c11\u6216\u5176\u570b\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u6240\u884c\u99db\u7684\u662f\u57df\u5916\u898f\u5236\u7ba1\u8f44\u6b0a\u201d(prescriptive\u00a0jurisdiction) \uff08\u53c3\u8003\u4f5c\u8005\u524d\u6587\uff09\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5e38\u8a2d\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u9662\u5728\u300c\u84ee\u82b1\u865f\u6848\u300d\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u91dd\u5c0d\u898f\u5236\u7ba1\u8f44\u6b0a\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u300c\u975e\u7981\u6b62\u5373\u5141\u8a31\u300d\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff1a\u9664\u975e\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u660e\u6587\u7981\u6b62\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u4efb\u4f55\u570b\u5bb6\u5747\u6709\u6b0a\u8a02\u7acb\u6cd5\u4f8b\u898f\u7ba1\u5176\u9818\u571f\u4ee5\u5916\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u57f7\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f44\u6b0a(enforcement jurisdiction)\uff0c\u5e38\u8a2d\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u9662\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u7372\u5f97\u540c\u610f\uff08\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u689d\u7d04\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff09\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u570b\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u9818\u571f\u884c\u4f7f\u7ba1\u8f44\u6b0a\u3002\u800c\u5404\u570b\u300a\u99ac\u683c\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u5236\u88c1\u63aa\u65bd\u5747\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5c0d\u4ed6\u570b\u516c\u6c11\u9032\u884c\u57df\u5916\u62d8\u6355\u4e26\u5be9\u8a0a\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u5404\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u51cd\u7d50\u5176\u570b\u5185\u8cc7\u7522\u53ca\u505c\u767c\u7c3d\u8b49\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u524d\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u53ca\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u7fd2\u6163\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e26\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u300c\u84ee\u82b1\u865f\u6848\u300d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08laissez-faire\uff09\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u5c0d\u4ed6\u570b\u884c\u99db\u53f8\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f44\u6b0a\u6642\u5fc5\u9808\u4ee5\u6700\u4f4e\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u4f5c\u7232\u4f9d\u64da\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9818\u5730\u7ba1\u8f44\uff08territorial jurisdiction)\u3001\u570b\u7c4d\u7ba1\u8f44\uff08principle of nationality\uff09\uff0c\u88ab\u5bb3\u4eba\u570b\u7c4d\uff08principle of passive personality)\u3001\u4fdd\u8b77\u7ba1\u8f44\uff08protective jurisdiction\uff09\uff1b\u552f\u4e00\u4f8b\u5916\u662f\u666e\u904d\u7ba1\u8f44\u539f\u5247\uff08universal jurisdiction\uff09\u3002 &nbsp; 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