1.0Fortune Insighthttps://prime.fortuneinsight.com/web曾國平教授https://prime.fortuneinsight.com/web/posts/author/byrontkprich600338<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content"><a href="https://prime.fortuneinsight.com/web/posts/492725">亞當史密點解釋市場價格機制</a></blockquote> <script type='text/javascript'> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- !function(c,d){"use strict";var e=!1,n=!1;if(d.querySelector)if(c.addEventListener)e=!0;if(c.wp=c.wp||{},!c.wp.receiveEmbedMessage)if(c.wp.receiveEmbedMessage=function(e){var t=e.data;if(t)if(t.secret||t.message||t.value)if(!/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/.test(t.secret)){for(var r,a,i,s=d.querySelectorAll('iframe[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),n=d.querySelectorAll('blockquote[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),o=0;o<n.length;o++)n[o].style.display="none";for(o=0;o<s.length;o++)if(r=s[o],e.source===r.contentWindow){if(r.removeAttribute("style"),"height"===t.message){if(1e3<(i=parseInt(t.value,10)))i=1e3;else if(~~i<200)i=200;r.height=i}if("link"===t.message)if(a=d.createElement("a"),i=d.createElement("a"),a.href=r.getAttribute("src"),i.href=t.value,i.host===a.host)if(d.activeElement===r)c.top.location.href=t.value}}},e)c.addEventListener("message",c.wp.receiveEmbedMessage,!1),d.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",t,!1),c.addEventListener("load",t,!1);function t(){if(!n){n=!0;for(var e,t,r=-1!==navigator.appVersion.indexOf("MSIE 10"),a=!!navigator.userAgent.match(/Trident.*rv:11\./),i=d.querySelectorAll("iframe.wp-embedded-content"),s=0;s<i.length;s++){if(!(e=i[s]).getAttribute("data-secret"))t=Math.random().toString(36).substr(2,10),e.src+="#?secret="+t,e.setAttribute("data-secret",t);if(r||a)(t=e.cloneNode(!0)).removeAttribute("security"),e.parentNode.replaceChild(t,e)}}}}(window,document); //--><!]]> </script><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" src="https://prime.fortuneinsight.com/web/posts/492725/embed" width="600" height="338" title="“亞當史密點解釋市場價格機制” — Fortune Insight" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" class="wp-embedded-content"></iframe>https://prime.fortuneinsight.com/web/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Presentation1-3.jpg536528今次同大家講解第四卷第五章最後的一段「題外話」Digression concerning the Corn Trade and Corn Laws。 亞當史密首先將糧食市場嘅人分做四種，分別係inland dealer(即係賣本地糧食俾本地人)，merchant importer(即係入口糧食俾本地人)，merchant exporter(即係出口糧食俾外地人)，merchant carrier(即係轉口糧食，由外國A運去外國B)，然後逐一分析，再講佢地點樣面對各種限制干預。 最大嘅篇幅，係講inland dealer。 開宗明義，佢就話呢班商人同消費者嘅利益係好神奇地一致。我地成日聽到人咩「坐地起價」，其實商人都係想賺錢。收成差果排，當然就將糧食賣貴啲，間接令到消費者慳住使；收成好果排，自然又會賣平啲。商人將個價定得太高，對自己都冇著數，因為賣唔哂，結果到最後可能要賤賣。商人將個價定得太低，結果係消費者太快食哂，引發飢荒嘅危機。所以呢班只顧賺錢嘅商人，好微妙地係幫左所有人去「應使則使」。佢打左呢個好生動既比喻： Without intending the interest of the people, he is necessarily led, by a regard to his own interest, to treat them, even in years of scarcity, pretty much in the same manner as the prudent master of a vessel is […]